Understanding Basic Horse Behavior

This is Promise. She was found wandering in traffic outside Denver, hungry, afraid and assumed abandoned. She is available for adoption from Colorado Horse Rescue.

When keeping horses it is important to understand the horse from a horse’s “language.” There is much mystery made by ‘horse whisperers’ and much money made from it when what it boils down to is watching your horse.

The views on horse handling can vary as much as the individuals involved. If you watch horses interact they can be very gentle and yet also quite vicious. A dominant horse will put another in their place with kicks and bites that we humans cannot begin to inflict on them. However if we understand the horse we do not have to.

A firm swat is enough to get through to a horse but this does not mean beating the horse. An adage from a wise horseman is the first swat is discipline, the second revenge. The horse is a physical animal and communicates much with body language.

If you watch a dominate horse walk through the herd she will snake her head low with ears pinned flat – this is a signal that says to others “GET OUT OF MY WAY!”

A male, especially a stallion, will challenge with a raised head. It is this attempt to raise the head higher that can lead to horses rearing to challenge each other.

These things we can imitate by use of a stock whip. This is a last resort to tap the horse but is used to communicate. With a whip we can raise it higher than the horse’s head. We can wave it waist high to tell a horse to move.

We can also stop and allow the horse to approach. A punishment for the horse is to be driven from the herd. In the wild a lone horse is in danger – he can be more easily taken down by predators.

Keep in mind as a prey animal the horse’s two defenses are flight or fight. Flight is running – a horse that is injured or confined loses that option. As handlers we want to insure cooperation and not bring the fight option up.

It is important to remember that a horse can strike, kick, bite and stallions have been known to lie down on and even urinate on a person they have mauled. These are horses that have not had a solid balance of discipline and affection. Too much of one or the other and they can easily lose respect for the human as a leader. The results can be horrific.

Horses that have been abused can, like people, have that fight instinct very close to the surface. For a dominant individual this takes very careful handling. For a submissive individual that fight can be channeled into getting better.

One of your best teachers for communication will be the horses themselves. Watch them interact – the mares with foals and adults with young horses. Even among weanlings of the same age there will be a herd dynamic with boss horses and bottom ones – a “pecking order” so to speak.

The horse, then, automatically understands posturing for dominance and figures who is serious about enforcement and who is not. Those who are serious normally have to do little to maintain their position.

Observe horses in a group and make a note to be that boss animal…the leader. Find ways to mimic their actions. For us a kick or bite can be replaced with a threat or swat with a whip, but even this must be done carefully.

This equally doesn’t mean beating a horse senseless! Remember – being willing to follow through often means you don’t have to. When the horse knows you *will* deliver a swat he sees you as that upper ranking leader. There is no challenging the leader.

Watch the horses – they have much to teach you about their language.

“The horse, the horse! The symbol of surging potency and power of movement, of action.” ~ D.H. Lawrence